Objective of this work:
- To design hardware-efficient architectures that generate multiple quantized Gaussian noise samples in parallel with minimal resource usage.
- To reduce LUT size and ICDF computation cost using uniform segmentation and hierarchical segmentation techniques.
- To develop a modified unrolled LFSR capable of producing several uniform random numbers per cycle without multiple URNG blocks.
- To maintain sufficient statistical quality PMF accuracy, tail behaviour, and randomness while significantly lowering hardware complexity.
- To demonstrate improved throughput-per-CLB and reduced power/area on FPGA, validating suitability for communication and signal-processing systems.
Proposed abstract:
Additive white Gaussian noise generation is widely used in wireless communication testing, BER evaluation of digital modulation schemes, channel emulation, and signal-processing system validation. Hardware realization of Gaussian noise generators enables high-speed and real-time operation compared to software simulation; however, conventional inversion-based architectures require large LUT memory, complex ICDF computation, and multiple leading-one detectors when parallel outputs are needed. Quantized Gaussian noise generation (QGNG) reduces precision requirements and hardware cost, but parallel implementations still suffer from LUT replication and increased logic usage. Uniform segmentation offers lower complexity but may weaken tail behavior, whereas hierarchical segmentation provides better statistical accuracy at the cost of higher hardware overhead. To address these challenges, this work presents three FPGA-based architectures described and implemented in Verilog HDL and synthesized on a Xilinx Virtex-5 device. The first architecture is a baseline QGNG using conventional hierarchical segmentation. The second architecture employs uniform segmentation with LUT splitting and output shuffling to reduce memory duplication and eliminate costly segment-selection logic. The third architecture proposes an optimized hierarchical segmentation with probability-based LUT sharing and a modified unrolled Galois LFSR capable of generating multiple uniform random numbers per cycle without multiple URNG blocks. Compared with the baseline design, the proposed architectures significantly reduce LUT and flip-flop utilization while maintaining high throughput and parallel generation capability. Statistical validation through PMF matching, chi-square tests, autocorrelation analysis, and BER evaluation confirms that both proposed designs preserve sufficient Gaussian characteristics and tail accuracy. Experimental synthesis results demonstrate improved throughput-per-CLB and reduced area and power consumption, proving that the proposed FPGA implementations provide scalable, low-complexity, and statistically reliable parallel QGNG solutions for communication and signal-processing systems.
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FPGA implementation of Low-Complexity Parallel Quantized Gaussian Noise Generator Using Uniform and Hierarchical Segmentation
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